Traditional Saree Weaving in Betgeri-Gadag Cluster of Karnataka free essay sample

Gadag is a city in Karnataka state in India. It is the authoritative central station of Gadag District. Gadag and its sister city Betageri (or Betgeri) have a consolidated city organization, and the region of Gadag-Betageri has a populace of 1,54,849 and a region of 54. 56 km?. Starting at 2001 India Gadag-Betgeri had a populace of 154,849. Guys establish 51% of the populace and females 49%. Gadag-Betageri has a normal education pace of 71%; male proficiency is 79%, and female proficiency is 64%. 12% of the populace is under 6 years old. Gadag has become the region head quarters since 1997. Gadag comprises of five taluks specifically Gadag-Betageri, Ron, Shirhatti, Naragund and Mundargi Since most recent two centuries Gadag-Betgeri region is celebrated for its weaving and texture delivering exercises. Betgeri is renowned for its great quality mercerized cotton and silk sarees with celebrated Gadi Dadiâ€Border and Red shading Tope Theni Pallow like popular ILKAL sarees. This district of North Karnataka has part of weaving exercises to the degree of 20 thousand individuals are occupied with this calling. We will compose a custom article test on Conventional Saree Weaving in Betgeri-Gadag Cluster of Karnataka or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page April, May and JuneMore interest for sarees, however less productionAbsence of Expert weaver because of marriage season July,Aug. also, Sept. No interest for sarees due to â€Å"Ashadamasa†Slack of market. More creation in the bunch. Oct,Nov and Dec. More interest for sarees ,yet less productionAbsence of Expert weaver because of celebrations Jan,Feb,MarchLess salesMore creation in the group. Practically all the Powerloom Industrialists in this bunch have their own market consistently. However, the issue saw by overview is the non accessibility of master weaver and their successive movements. Thus just monetarily solid can stock the items during slack market span. Practically all little and medium units are subject to the specialists and merchants for their money related backings. Worth Addition 1)Embroidery: The craft of design of texture or other material with strings, wires or cowhide utilizing a needle might be characterized as weaving. With the approach of modern machines, weaving is conceivable by machines likewise, particularly for dreary volume work. Yet, it is the hand weaving that keeps on intriguing humanity for a large number of years. Customarily, ladies have been rehearsing this craftsmanship from days of yore. In the cluster,some sarees are taken up for hand weaving (Kasuti work) or Machine weaving according to the client prerequisite. Close by weaving relying on the structure, a specialist takes one day to five days for a solitary saree. Ladies specialist does these weaving works, who all takes a shot at low maintenance bases and win cash. 2)Dress materials: Sarees might be changed over in to dress materials that are typically accessible in readymade position for sewing. It is for the most part of 7 Meters of length, out of which 2. 5 Meter is uniquely made for ridge segment and 4. 75 Meter is made for dressing segment. Creation of saree according to the study, a weaver can deliver 5 meters to 6. 7 meters of various assortments of sarees and he can create 1 sari to 3 sarees in a day. The value scope of one sari is around Rs. 230=00 to Rs. 1300=00. Complete Power loom units in this bunch are 372 units Total Looms introduced in this group are 1819 weavers sarees delivered are for the most part worn by ladies, age going from 40 to 60 years. Wages Skilled Power loom weaver compensation contrast from configuration to plan and are typically Rs. 00 to 250 every day. They have the work consistently. Work to ladies is more on winding machines and they acquire least about Rs 100=00 every day. Showcasing Annual Transaction The silk cotton mixed sarees are having acceptable interest among the clients of various states as a result of solace and low cost when contrasted and different sarees. According to the gauge the spot Betgeri is having exchange around 41 and chances crores in a year.

Life Stage Interventions

Question: Talk about the Life Stage Interventions. Answer: Presentation: It is the creating mind of a kid that causes them to do things which are concerning issue in their folks life. (Siegel, D. J., 2012). The developing age of the kid get numerous progressions his/her conduct, physical, passionate and mental level. The growing up of a kid is went with numerous new difficulties. These new changes and difficulties change the life of the youngster and what's to come. This young age is difficult to deal with now and again by the guardians. It is essential to care for the children in the juvenile age as it is the tie when they are under change from a child to being a high schooler. (Habitats for Disease control and anticipation, 2016). Formative changes Advancement is process that goes on with life as far as physical, social conduct, mental and passionate level. The different phases of life from birth to an infant, infant to youth, youth to immaturity, and to adulthood is went with the improvement procedure. (Supporter for youth, 2008). The kids having a place with the age gathering of 6-12 experience numerous adjustments as far as physical development however contrasted with the other development factors, the mental development is the most extreme. (Skuse, 2003). A 11 years of age kid shows an expanded degree of physical action. Grows more craving and is less happy with self and society around. Changes regarding state of mind, affectability towards things create. Uncertainty identified with the youth develops and this affects the social conduct. Companions are on top need, issue with guardians and kin is normal. Individual interests become increasingly significant, school work doesn't intrigue them. Regarding nervous system science now the cerebrum volume is balanced out. The youngster can enter the picked up data at whatever point required in regular day to day existence. If there should be an occurrence of 12 years of age youngster basic changes in the mind is watched. The learning limit increments. The individual begins to think themselves as a youngster. Companion fellowship is imperative to them. They have less enthusiasm for school and want to suggest their perspectives and thoughts as opposed to working with others. (Nicola, 2015). Formative achievements for a 12 years of age kid The prime formative standards for a juvenile kid are: Physical turn of events - an unexpected development as far as tallness and body weight happens. Improvement of auxiliary sexual characters happens. They gain adolescence in which the pituitary organ begins delivering more elevated level of testosterone in male kid and discharging more estrogen and progesterone in female kid. There are changes in the skin as pimple begins to show up due oil organ emissions. Additional perspiring and improvement of personal stench happens. Hairs begin to create in the arm pits and the genital region. Body extents are additionally changed in both male and female. Voice change and sexual development is seen in young men. In young ladies menstrual cycle begins with optional sexual characters advancement. Mental advancement they will in general become increasingly free as they develop. Abilities and dynamic force begins to create. Profession related issues begin to create, begin to look for advices and thoughts from companions and internet based life. Feeling of capable creates with social still, small voice. According to the National establishment of psychological wellness (NIH) the mind development in the immature kid is because of the arrangement of white issue and myelin sheath which strengthen the network of the neurons. These new changes move from the frontal area to the rear of the mind. The development in the parietal and worldly territories that direct the tangible, sound-related, discourse and spatial capacities are created by the kid accomplish the age of 13 years. With the advancement of frontal projections of the mind, the amygdala likewise begins to produce feelings identified with dread and brave responses. Contrast with a grown-up or a little youngster, the immature kid is hyper-receptive regarding feelings. (NIH). Passionate improvement begins to consider their appearance and coexisting with their companions. Hesitance and conceited conduct is watched. They become exceptionally unsure as far as what they look like and need to be a piece of the gatherings and not left out by others. Create preferring for the other gender and family life isn't of much worry to them. There is a ton of confidence debasement among the young ladies. The teenagers create egocentrism where they imagine that they are seen by all as far as appearance and different activities. Additionally they create considerations that the passionate or different encounters that happen in their life are never experienced by others. They are profoundly influenced by others assessments about them. Conduct advancement an incredible change in character is seen in the pre-adult youngsters. There is a more elevated level of emotional episode among these youngsters. Harassing and being ignored by others influences the youngsters particularly the young lady kid. Absence of rest, nervousness, conflicts with relatives, interest for freedom, peer pressure and their utilization of rationales and thinking abilities make inconveniences in their turn of events. (Anthony, M.) The episode At the point when I was 12 years of age, I needed to change my school in light of the fact that my folks need me to be in a spot nearer to home and they put me in another school that was nearer to my home, as the other one they needed to make a trip about an hour to arrive. Changing school was a critical choice for me. Leaving back companions and all the recollections from the outdated was difficult for me. Another school, new individuals everything made me apprehensive. I had a go at conversing with my folks however couldn't disregard the issue that they were confronting. I needed to consent to choice and join the new school. It was anything but a decent beginning for me in the new school. It was quite evident that I was not invited there. The gathering of young ladies looked downward on me for my dressing style and appearance. Nobody appeared to be keen on welcoming me to their gatherings. I was disregarded all in the class. My folks were interested about the new school and how I coexist with different children. It was hard for me to cause them to comprehend that I am ready to make new companions. I was unable to clarify them the remarks and the manner in which they all disregard me. I was so discouraged with the entirety of this. I was unable to focus on my examinations and this affected my evaluations. My folks were stressed over my conduct as I needed to be disregarded in my room and going to class never energized me. I despised everything about myself. Basic reflection The encounters of a kid decide the individual they will be and furthermore influence the general development and improvement. Children improvement is well in a steady domain or a place where go every day and they are utilized to it. Change of spot influences them contrarily. (Sandstrom and Huerta 2013). Adjusting to the new condition put them through numerous new difficulties. The issue of harassing includes it. This issue is one the most well-known issue with young ladies who enter their high school. Tormenting is one of serious issues in schools among kids. According to Robert Sege, MD, head of wandering pediatrics at Boston clinical focus and a supporter of the American Academy of Pediatrics-Bullying involves two individuals where one who is ground-breaking rules the more fragile by bothering them publically, scaring them and harming them genuinely. (Hatfield, 2010). Some regular sort of harassing issues are verbal, physical, social and digital tormenting (Peck, 2014). One of the examination identified with tormenting was led in Australia, which included 6000 kid and 2500 young lady understudies from 16 distinct schools, in 1993-1994 with a normal age of 14 years. The different standards were being called by destructive names, being prodded, kept separate from bunches intentionally, being kicked or genuinely hurt and verbal dangers. The investigation indicated that 9.5% of the young ladies were intentionally forgotten about by the different gatherings in the class. Verbal tormenting was discovered the most widely recognized issue with 11.5 % in young ladies and 12.6% in young men. (Rigby, K. 2007). According to contemplates led youngsters create mental scatters which should be dealt with in the event that they are survivors of being tormented. It can prompt misery, low confidence, and furthermore influence their scholarly presentation. It can now and again lead to danger of ending it all. (Nierenberg, 2015). Coming out of the ensured shell regularly make issues for the children. As I would like to think the difference in school influence the youngster unfavorably. Adjusting to a totally different condition and making new connections isn't a simple errand for them. Different issues which are identified with it additionally make them to bind in themselves and not let them come out with maximum capacity. It gets critical to let the kid express him/herself to enable them to develop. Helpful measures Treatment is required if the impact of the injury or the customary harassing is influencing the kid unfavorably. Sorrow is commonly secured under emotional episodes and understandings, wants to be disregarded is likewise a sign that the youngster is under melancholy. The absence of energy and social soul is the sign that the kid needs assistance. (Beam, 2015). Youngsters who are casualties of body disgracing and tormenting may create challenges in building relations later on. (Cooper, and White, 2004). It is significant discover the underlying driver of the issue and starts the treatment as needs be. Subjective based treatments and talk treatments could be effective to draw out the considerations of the kid. It is significant for guardians to comprehend the issue with their kid and give viable treatment to beat these difficulties. A portion of the viable treatments are Subjective conduct treatment It depends on building up a connection in musings, sentiments and activities. There ought to be solid relationship created so as to separate the data in regards to the social changes. The treatment should intrigue the kid so utilizing games and other pretends would help. In this treatment the negative contemplations are being expelled. They are assisted with changing their negative musings about themselves

Natchez

Natchez Natchez, city (1990 pop. 19,460), seat of Adams co., SW Miss., on bluffs above the Mississippi River; settled 1716, inc. 1803. It is the trade, shipping, and processing center for a soybean, corn, cotton, livestock, and timber area. It has lumber and pulpwood mills; manufactures include steel, transportation equipment, and machinery. Natchez was founded in 1716 when Fort Rosalie was established there; in 1729 members of the Natchez tribe killed the garrison troops. The area passed to England (1763), Spain (1779), and the United States (1798). Natchez was capital of the Mississippi Territory from 1798 to 1802, and was the state capital from 1817 to 1821. The southern terminus of the Natchez Trace , it became a great river port and the cultural center of the planter aristocracy before the Civil War, and was the site of one of the largest slave markets in the South. In the Civil War it was taken by Union forces in 1863. The city has preserved its antebellum architecture, and many hist oric homes are visited during the festival period in March and April. Natchez once housed a large, prosperous Jewish community and is home to the Museum of the Southern Jewish Experience. Also there are the Natchez Museum of African-American History and Culture, the 1841 William Johnson House (owned by a freed slave who became a slave owner himself), the prehistoric Grand Village of the Natchez tribe, and Jefferson College, Mississippi's first chartered educational institution and now a museum. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. Political Geography

How Domestic Violence Affects Children As Well As The...

Research Methods II Chapter II Clark Atlanta University Whitney M. Young Jr School of Social Work LaShoney Frink Review of Literature The purpose of this literature is to deliver an extensive overview of the research topic. This chapter will provide a historical background on domestic violence, a historical perspective of the services provided and an overview of different forms of domestic violence. The goal of this literature review is to examine the statistical information that is presented as it relates to domestic violence. This literature review will also reveal how domestic violence affects children as well as the mental health of its victims. In addition, this chapter will include the Afrocentric perspective and theoretical framework as they relates to the research topic. Historical Perspective Understanding domestic violence is the key to solving the root of the problem. During the colonial period, intimate partner violence was justified by the belief that women were property of men to discipline and control (Encylopedia. of Interpersonal Violence 2008). Many believed the historical inequality of women and gender socialization of females and males contribute to the roots causes of domestic violence. Until 1960s, women who were raped or suffered violence in there homes had no formal place or safe haven to go to get help or support. Shelters and services for victims of domestic violence did not exist and there was little, if any, response from criminal orShow MoreRelatedEssay on Domestic Violence and the Effect It Has on Family1582 Words   |  7 PagesDomestic violence is a violent confrontation between family or household members involving physical harm, sexual assault, or fear of physical harm (Stewart Croudep, 1998-2012). In most places domestic violence is looked on as one of the higher priorities when trying to stop crime. 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Research and observations that were studied revealedRead MoreDomestic Violence and the Effect it has on Family1587 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Domestic violence is a violent conf rontation between family or household members involving physical harm, sexual assault, or fear of physical harm† (Stewart Croudep, 1998-2012). In most places domestic violence is looked on as one of the higher priorities when trying to stop crime. Domestic Violence cases are thought to be influenced by the use of alcohol, drugs, stress or anger but in reality, they are just learned behaviors by the batterer. These habits can be stopped as long as one seeks helpRead MoreDomestic Violence And Immigrant Women1274 Words   |  6 PagesThe student documentary video regarding domestic violence and immigrant women highlighted a significant health and a human right problem all over the world. Violence is defined by the World Health Organization as the intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community, which either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, mal e-development, or deprivation† (WHO 2002:4). AccordingRead MoreEssay Domestic Violence Against Women: A Global Epidemic1021 Words   |  5 Pages One of the most significant health and social problems affecting every society in the world today, irrespective of age, race, ethnic, socio-economic, and religious groups, is Domestic Violence against women. According to the World Health Organization (2007): Domestic violence is a global issue reaching across national boundaries as well as socio- economic, cultural, racial, and class distinctions. This problem is not only widely dispersed geographically, but its incidenceRead MoreDomestic Violence Is A Serious And Ever Growing Problem1396 Words   |  6 PagesDomestic Violence Domestic violence is a serious and ever growing problem that the United States is faced with. Many people have suffered from domestic violence, and many more are still suffering even though the abuse ended years ago. Domestic violence victims still continue to suffer from the experience to this day. The effects of domestic violence creates something that will stick with the victim for a lifetime. Because victims fear reporting their problems to the police, many accounts of domesticRead MoreDomestic Violence And Mental Injuries1399 Words   |  6 Pages Quetext about FAQ contact Domestic violence does not just result in physical injuries but also developmental issues in children that witness the abuse and never receive any type of counseling or therapy and psychological trauma. In the most severe cases death was also a result of domestic violence. With help or assistance the results of domestic violence can last a lifetime. People often think that domestic violence is just physical abuse but that is not always the case. In many ofRead MoreTheoretical Framework on Domestic Violence1416 Words   |  6 PagesTheoretical Framework on Domestic Violence Theoretical Framework Domestic Violence among Women and Children A Theoretical Framework are theories that is formulated to explain, predict, and understand phenomena and, in many cases, to challenge and extend existing knowledge, within the limits of the critical bounding assumptions. The theoretical framework is the structure that can hold or support a theory of a research study. The theoretical framework introduces and describes the theory which explainsRead MoreDomestic Violence And Child Abuse Essay1311 Words   |  6 PagesI chose to do my research on domestic violence and child abuse for many different reasons. As a young woman and hopefully a future mother, I wanted to be well educated on domestic violence and child abuse so that I can hopefully prevent these from happening to me of my future children. By researching domestic violence and child abuse I was able to learn about warning signs, as well as other useful information regarding these topics, such as where to seek help. Also, as someone who wants to be a teacherRead MoreMy Ish Yi1 189 Words   |  5 PagesKatie’s house to find her with her eyebrow slashed and bleeding, black eye, as well as bruises all over her. I stated â€Å"What happened to you? Are you okay? I am taking you to the hospital!† She had said that Jason had done this to her and not to tell anyone. I did as she told me to do and the situation only got worse. As I noticed the violence progressing I told authorities; I needed to help my best friend. Domestic violence is emotional abuse are behaviors used by one person in a relationship to control

The Importance Of A Community - 1489 Words

Name: Callum Hutchinson Age:13 In game name: CallumOg soon to be CallumOG Do you have twitch or youtube channel:no have u previously been banned: no do u have a head set: no i just wear headphones with a mic What languages can u speak I know a little bit of Spanish. a little bit of french. My main language is English. Why do you want this rank?: I would want this rank to not only help out the community but to help out the staff. I dedicate all of my time towards the server to make a more welcoming community instead of a toxic place to be. I love to dedicate my time to a community that I have loved for many weeks. Anyways, I am a pretty active player myself, I have been working on with many communities and they do not seem to fit my†¦show more content†¦Explain some cases in which you would perm-ban/temp-ban people: Hacking: I would ban the player with proof. Spamming: I will temp mute the player for around 15-30 minutes with proof of the player spamming. Racism: Perm mute the player, I would not Tolerate Racism. It should never be okay. Harassment Towards players // Staff: I will warn the player first if the player continues I will Tempmute the player. DDOS Threats: Perm ban. Doesnt matter who you are, should never be tolerated. IRL Scamming: I will get proof before a ban. I will ban or tempban the player depending on the circumstances. Advertising: Perm mute or a Perm Ban. Advertising other servers shouldnt be allowed either. Leaking personal information: whether this be on discord or on teamspeak, it should not be allowed, whether leaking the staffs or the members information, I will Perm ban the player, with proof. Tell us a little bit about yourself: My name is Callum, I go to an high school in somerset England. When I am older i really want to be a football player or a f1 driver but in my spare time i will come on the server and help everyone out with there feelings and if they need stuff i will give them what i can do to my best off my abilitys Why are you applying for Helper: I am applying for helper because I feel like I can help the community not in a positive way but in a more of a helpful way. I have seen many staff members in the community resign. I am the staff member that willShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Community Service1451 Words   |  6 PagesThe Importance of Community Service What is community service? If you asked me at my grade 8 graduation, I would have said that it was 40 hours of volunteering required to receive your high school diploma. I probably would have commented that it wouldn’t be hard to do- I mean it was only 10 hours every year. I might have also mentioned that I didn’t have a plan on how I was going to complete the requirement, but I would figure something out. Four years and over 200 community service hours laterRead MoreThe Importance Of Volunteering In The Community1074 Words   |  5 PagesVolunteering in the community helps develop a connection with the community. Communities are people who help one another to make an impact in someone’s life. Giving back to those that helped one previously can make a difference. Giving up a few hours during the week to volunteer at a summer reading program at the community library can bring joy in some child’s life. Supporting and helping younger children learn in our c ommunity brings me pride. Volunteering is a way to give back to your community and gain workRead MoreThe Importance Of Community Policy1649 Words   |  7 PagesDay, Thanksgiving, and Christmas. On rare occasions, there may be time that due to staffing and/or emergencies the office may be closed. We apologize for any inconveniences this may cause. NAMI Ventura County programs best meet the needs of the community when they are consistent and reliable. To that end, NAMI Ventura County will do their best not to cancel programs or meetings. We ask all volunteers to please take their commitment very seriously. Occasionally, it may be necessary to cancel orRead MoreEssay on The Importance of Community1238 Words   |  5 PagesCommunity is very important and has many factors like kinship, unity, and identity. Community helps society because it creates solutions, provides security and reveals dedication. It discovers truthfulness. Communities are part of everyday life and have positive affects on its members. Communities can be found everywhere and can be created anywhere. 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Initial Public Offer Free Essays

Initial public offer (IPO) as the name suggests refers to when a company goes public or issue shares of the company to the public in order to raise capital for the first time. After the IPO, the company gets listed and its shares are traded on stock exchange. Once it gets listed then the permission to trade these shares is granted by shareholders i. We will write a custom essay sample on Initial Public Offer or any similar topic only for you Order Now e. to whom the shares have been allotted in the IPO. There can be many reasons for bringing out an IPO. First, when the company issues new shares to the public, then the money raised from public goes to the company. Second, when the Govt. Sell their stake in the company to the public, then the money raised goes to the Govt. (like the disinvestment of PSUs). However, one must be wondering why would individuals invest in a particular company? The answer is dividends. The shareholders expect the company will distribute the share of future profits among them as dividends. How an IPO is conducted IPOs generally involve book runners i. e. one or more investment banks known as underwriters. The underwriters retain a portion of the proceeds as their fee. This fee is called an underwriting spread. Various methods of conducting an IPO are Dutch auction, Firm Commitment, Best Efforts, Bought Deal and Self Distribution of stock. IPOs can be made through the Fixed Price Method or Book Building Method. In the fixed price method, the price at which the securities are offered is fixed in advance. In the book building method, the investors have to bid for shares within a price band specified by the issuer and the final price is decided after observing the result of the bidding. The fixing of the band and the bidding process are done with the help of an investment bank or a group of several companies specializing in securities. While most of the companies are eligible to make a public issue are free to decide the price band but infrastructure companies are subject to follow SEBI norms as well as banks are required to get RBI’s permission. The prices are decided by the company’s board of directors, which fixes the band after consulting the book runner (particularly an investment bank). In India, the issuer is allowed a price band of 20% (that is the cap of band should not be more than 20% above the floor price i. e. the lowest price that a seller will accept). After deciding the band, bids are invited on all prices of the band. Once the book is closed, the seller fixes the price at which all of its shares will get sold. However, there can be a situation of Oversubscription of an IPO (i. e. if applications are received for more number of shares than the company is authorised to allot). In that case, the allocations would be done proportionately among all the successful bidders i. e. among those bidders who did bidding at the price determined by the company or at the price higher than that. After the price has been determined on the basis of bidding, the public advertisement containing the rice as well as table showing the number of securities and the amount payable by an investor is issued. Various Investors Involved ? ? ? Retail Investors Non-Institutional Investors Qualified Institutional Buyers If a company is making an issue through 100 % book building process then1) Minimum 35% shall be offered to Retail Investors 2) Minimum 15% shall be offered to Non-Institutional Investors 3) Maximum 50% shall be off ered to Qualified Institutional Buyers. There can also be FPO (Follow on public offer) when company’s offer to the public is not for the first time. There are certain advantages attached with going public. Capital can be used to pay off existing debt or to fund capital expenditure. Moreover, another advantage is an increased public awareness of a particular company as IPOs helps in attracting new potential customers which may ultimately leads to increase in the market share of a company. Before deciding whether to go public or not, a company must evaluate all the potential benefits or challenges that will arise. The book runners involved in the process (i. e. investment banks) are given the responsibility to find out the pros and cons of an IPO and determine whether it is favourable or not for the company. How to cite Initial Public Offer, Papers

Erikson and Piaget free essay sample

Erikson versus Piaget: Active and Passive Learning Billy Jenkins Grand Canyon University: PSY 650 January 27, 2012 Abstract In this paper, the idea of active versus passive learning is discussed, as well as the major learning theories of Piaget and Erikson. Furthermore, their major learning theories are compared to each other and applied to the principles of active and passive learning. Because of my teaching and classroom experience, the application of active and passive learning will be applied to childhood development and learning. In addition, the learning theories of Piaget and Erikson, and their similarities and differences in relation to passive and active learning, will be applied to the classroom as well. Active versus Passive Learning According to Petress (2008), active and passive learning is often discussed in education journal articles and presented to teachers at in-service meetings. Active learning is the opposite of passive learning just as the active learning student is different from the passive learning student. The passive student is solely dependent on the teacher and what the teacher teaches in the classroom. The active learner depends slightly on the teacher, but takes learning a little further toward individualized, intrinsic learning. They are not overly dependent on a teacher because actively learning makes the student a partner in the process of learning. Teachers are often used as a resource for the active learners†¦ a resource that guides the learning process and motivates further educational learning. Passive learning requires little student involvement or overt work, and it is not self-reinforcing. On the other hand, according to Petress (2008), active learning is self-reinforcing and the student is intrinsically motivated to learn because learning is enjoyable, motivating, and extremely effective in getting tasks done. The difference between the two learners is that information learned passively will not be retained well and is not as effective or enthusiastically applied, whereas information learned actively will be retained better and is more effectively and enthusiastically applied to other areas of learning. Characteristics of Active and Passive Learners Active learners can frequently be observed performing such behaviors as: asking clarifying questions to stimulate further learning, challenging ideas to increase intellect and social dialogue, following up on learning through personal extensions by applying what is learned, connecting recently learned material with previously learned material, discussing learned concepts with others, keeping an enthusiastic attitude toward learning, exchanging and sharing views, and keeping an open mind to increase reasoning skills (Drew, 2011). On the other hand, according to Drew (2011), passive learners can frequently be observed exhibiting behaviors such as: diminished motivation and enthusiasm toward spontaneous learning, minimal transference of what is learned, a stunted retention because learning is not connected, minimal questioning, and infrequent exchanging of views. Classroom Implications Teachers seem to have an easier and more successful task in dealing with and instructing active learners as opposed to passive learners. This is due in part because active learners realize that the material presented by the teacher or the readings required in the classroom seem to be difficult which prompts the active learner to ask clarifying questions to avoid major difficulties later. Passive learners, on the other hand, often fail to realize the small barriers to learning until they become major ones. Consequently, active learners seek help or tutoring with difficult concepts sooner than the passive learners because the passive learners wait until the barriers are often insurmountable. In the classroom, active learners help teachers by providing relevant examples often adding to the classroom dialogue; whereas passive learners typically refuse providing examples thus blunting class dialogue (Petress, 2008). Consequently, according to Petress (2008), active versus passive learning behaviors do not disappear when students leave school and enter the workforce. Thus, the active learner typically has better opportunities for advancement than do passive learners. Often passive learners adapt in the workforce, but the process is often slow and painful. Obviously, active learning is the preferred way of learning. Teaching, rewarding, and promoting active learning is easiest when begun early. Teachers, parents, and other stakeholders working with students need competent instruction that can easily be applied toward rewarding, reinforcing, and extending the active learning behaviors. Piaget According to Belsky (2010), Piaget was an advocate and strong believer that children learn through hands-on experiences. He believed that children learn by acting on and in the physical world, meaning that children learn by experiencing what is around them. Piaget categorized learning into four stages of development, sensorimotor, preoperations, concrete operations, and formal operations. In the sensorimotor (ages 0-2), infants learn by manipulating objects, thus equating this manipulation to the basics of physical reality. In the preoperations stage ages 2-7), children’s perceptions are built upon their immediate appearances, meaning whatever they see, is reality. In the concrete operations stage (ages 8-12), children begin to develop a more realistic understanding of what is around them, but abstract thinking is often difficult or lacking. In the formal operations stage (ages 12+), reasoning is at its peak and children begin to think hypothetically until full cognitive potential is reached. Jean Piaget’s work has greatly influenced constructivist educators through what we now call discovery learning. Fogarty (1999) explains that Piaget’s main theory premise is that the learners’ interactions lead to structural changes in how they think based on data assimilation.

Agrarian Reforms in the Countries of Latin America

Agrarian Reforms in the Countries of Latin America The twentieth century was the period of many significant agrarian reforms in the countries of Latin America. In spite of the fact these reforms were developed in order to address the interests of peasants and landless rural population, in most cases the definite results of these reforms were not associated with the social and economic aspects, but reflected the peculiarities of the political situation in the countries.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Agrarian Reforms in the Countries of Latin America specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, to have the opportunity to make certain conclusions about the phenomenon of agrarian reforms in Latin America, it is necessary to concentrate on its peculiar features. This paper will focus on the examination of the positive and negative results of the agrarian reforms for the rural population in the countries of Latin America because each process or phenomenon always has two sid es of its representation. Positive Effects of Agrarian Reforms The period of agrarian reforms started in Latin America with the Mexican revolution which was developed at the beginning of the twentieth century and ceased with the progress of neoliberal policies in the territories. Providing agrarian reforms, governments were inclined to attract the rural masses and contribute to their political goals. That is why the question of the agrarian reforms’ positive effects for all the social classes is rather controversial. The poor peasantry was not discussed as the potential force for the progress in the field of the countries’ economy and agriculture. All the accents were made on the capitalist farmers. Their activity was connected with the income distribution. Thus, the opportunities to invest in agriculture and to develop the land market appeared (Gwynne Kay, 2004, p. 233). However, the situation changed with the period of neoliberal policies when the governments began to accentuate the importance of privatization land taxes. Thus, the advantages which were acquired by the poor peasantry as a result of the agrarian reforms were incomparable with the benefits which were provided for the developed capitalist farmers. Negative Effects of Agrarian Reforms In spite of definite positive shifts in the sphere of agriculture, the majority of the rural population is not satisfied with the agrarian reforms because the main promises are not completed (Gwynne Kay, 2004, p. 235). Poverty and landlessness remain the main issues for the rural population of the countries in Latin America. From the social point, the agrarian reforms had not positive effects on the changes in the situation of unemployment and poverty in the territories. From the economic point, many agrarian reforms in the countries of Latin America can be considered as the causes for the development of the further more influential and even dramatic reforms which were the part of the political cont ext.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Peasants remained to be the weakest class in the social system which were also negatively influenced by the implemented land titling projects (Gwynne Kay, 2004, p. 233). Thus, the agrarian reform in Cuba was closely connected with the revolution and developed in the political field. Moreover, many results of the reforms were rather unexpected for the governors and that is why are difficult to be overcome effectively. The agrarian reforms of the twentieth century in Latin America can be discussed from the point of their positive and negative effects on the rural population of the countries. The positive effects are connected with the development of the countries’ market, the change of the position according to the global market, and the role of the capitalist farmers. The negative effects are associated with the position of the pe asants and the situation of poverty of the rural population which are more influential from the social point. Reference Gwynne, R. N. Kay, C. (2004). Latin America transformed: Globalization and modernity. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Common, Mutual, and Reciprocal

Common, Mutual, and Reciprocal Common, Mutual, and Reciprocal Common, Mutual, and Reciprocal By Maeve Maddox A reader objects to the expression â€Å"a mutual friend†: I don’t care if Dickens did write a novel called Our Mutual Friend. Using â€Å"mutual† to describe a friend you didn’t know was also a friend of someone else is a misuse of the word. Mutual and reciprocal both mean, â€Å"directed toward each other.† For example, a â€Å"mutual admiration society† is a group of people who admire one another. â€Å"Mutual enemies† are people who hate one another. By the same token, â€Å"mutual friends† are people who reciprocate friendly feelings toward one another. Many speakers- perhaps most- use the phrase â€Å"mutual friend† in the following context: Sam is Joe’s friend. Sam is also Gloria’s friend. Joe and Gloria are friends, but they don’t know that Sam is a friend to both. One day, in speaking with Sam, Gloria learns that he just got back from a fishing trip with Joe. The next time that Gloria speaks to Joe, she exclaims, â€Å"Guess what! We have a mutual friend.† Purists would label this use as incorrect, arguing that the friendship between Joe and Gloria is mutual, but that Sam is â€Å"a friend in common.† One definition of common is â€Å"belonging equally to more than one.† We speak of â€Å"common sense,† â€Å"common beliefs,† â€Å"common interests,† and â€Å"common complaints.† Another meaning of common, perhaps more prevalent in British usage than American, is vulgar. Dickens could have named his book Our Common Friend, but he probably didn’t want the title to be interpreted to mean Our Vulgar Friend. The use of mutual might not have been strictly correct in the context, but its use eliminates misunderstanding. The Chicago Manual of Style includes a caveat against the use of mutual to describe a â€Å"third-party† friend: What is common is shared by two or more people: â€Å"borne by different mothers but having a common father.† What is mutual is reciprocal or directly exchanged by and toward each other: â€Å"mutual obligations.† Strictly, friend in common is better than mutual friend in reference to a third person who is a friend of two others. The OED has this to say about the use of â€Å"mutual friend† to mean â€Å"friend in common†: This use has in the past been censured as incorrect but it is nevertheless frequent. It has probably been used in preference to common on account of the ambiguity of the latter (which in many contexts could also mean ‘ordinary’, ‘mean’, or ‘vulgar’). In my view, objecting to the use of â€Å"mutual friend† in the sense of â€Å"a friend in common† is officious nitpicking. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:12 Signs and Symbols You Should KnowAwoken or Awakened?Mankind vs. Humankind

Letter of recommendation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Letter of recommendation - Essay Example She/he also had calm and organized approach to her/his daily duties and also took initiative in performing duties that were out of the ordinary. XYZ always displayed a talent for multitasking and always focused on details. XYZ’s pleasing personality makes him/her a wonderful colleague to work with and we find her/ his dedication to work both motivating and inspiring. She/he showed great composure during hectic work hours, and was flexible and willing to work for more hours to compensate her/ his peers who were on leave. She/he was an ideal people’s person. XYZ was a vital member of our team and I am sure the program would certainly help her/him nurture his/ her budding professional qualities. I would highly recommend her/ him as an ideal candidate for your program and hope that you would kindly consider the application. â€Å"Sample Recommendation Letters – Sample Letters of Recommendation.† About.com. 10 December 2011.

Observations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Observations - Essay Example Yet, this is futile. This is because each observer tries to interpret Arab Spring in the light of the Revolution that fits his perceptions. Revolutions never happen to be straight jacketed in the context of time. They are influenced by many motivations from the past and continue to influence the future over time. Thereby the significance of the Arab Spring lies in the historical influences that motivated it and the impact it will continue to have on the history in the times to come. The British often take the credit for creating Jordan. Actually Jordan was carved out by the British to reward an Arab supporter. It was after independence that Jordan attained the status of a sovereign kingdom. The Arab state system was created by Britain and France by dismantling the Ottoman Empire. These nations continued to interfere in the internal affairs of the Arab states created by them. It is this factor that has assured the survival of Arab monarchies. The leadership of the Arab protests primarily comprised of social networking youth who had little experience in managing street demonstrations. The Arab protests were not unified. They existed as segregated protests lead by different interest

The Rote Leaning Of Thailand Education Essay

The Rote Leaning Of Thailand Education Essay Education system is important all over the world. It concerns the future of a country by educating children who will become a countrys future. The issue of whether Thailand should revise its educational system has been a very big topic. We think that Thai education system is good, but it isnt. Thai education system should be reformed. This report will be mentioning about the problems that Thai education system are facing, which is the rote learning. Rote learning is a learning technique which focuses on memorization. The major practice involved in rote learning is learning by repetition by which students commit information to memory in a highly structured way. The idea is that one will be able to quickly recall the meaning of the material the more one repeats it. Rote methods are routinely used when quick memorization is required. (Emma, 2012) Teaching by rote is an old-fashioned and ineffective way of teaching. It relies on learners remembering and reciting lists of information. What is not taught in rote learning is the full well rounded understanding of the subject. That is why you should say no to rote learning at any level. Mainstream education in Thailand is mostly done by teaching from the front and rote learning. Teachers give lessons and information to students by chalkboards while the pupils listen passively and occasionally take notes. Reformations are planned to change the countrys education system. After brainstorming and sharing our experience, the production team can list the causes of the rote learning of Thailand as follow. Firstly, students lack of critical thinking skills, because of Thai students memorize everything in the books, and dont find the true knowledge by themselves. Most knowledge was traditionally transmitted orally and not in writing. Secondly, education in Thailand is based on the textbook because Thai teacher will not find other lessons that are not in the textbook to teach. They follow all of the text in the books. If the state publishes textbooks for students are late, the education method will be carried out in the same delay. The third is teachers give lessons and information to students by chalkboards while the pupils listen passively and occasionally take notes. The curriculum is blamed that it aimed only to teach students to listen, speak and write and know about Thai literature. It failed to make students loving the language and knowing enough to c reate their own work. Half of our old primary and secondary school students failed their Thai language test. Thai language knowledge of primary and secondary school students has been declining. We think there is nothing wrong with the aims of the curriculum (teaching listening, speaking, writing and literature). It must be the way it is being taught is not working. Making students love the language is a teachers job. Changing the curriculum without changing the teachers or training them better wont help at all. I think a lot of Thai students are in danger of an over teaching of this educational method. If an education is mainly based on learning by using memory more than understanding (which is what rote learning is), graduates might turn out to be well-educated parrots rather than proficient scholars capable of creative and critical thinking. Not only children are bad at learning English, they arent good at Thai neither. It is very important for Thai students to master their mother tongue before leaning second language. I have to agree that putting more focus on reading and writing and introducing more enjoyable learning activities could enhance the students interest in learning. As mentioned above, we found the solutions to solve the rote learning of Thailand. At first, the Ministry of Education should push teachers to make sure the students learn critical thinking and problem solving skills. We see a serious need to develop the teachers quality, which should raise the quality of instruction as well as students learning. The training has to be given to teachers to ensure their solid knowledge of what they teach. Teachers should explore effective teaching methods and materials they have never tried before. With the teachers more willing to think outside the box, students are likely to have more fun at school. Classroom should not be just the learning place. Teachers can extend teaching space from classrooms to the other places such as museums, local markets or even paddy fields. There is knowledge everywhere. Going outside must teach students to search for the truth by themselves from various dimensions of truth, from various contexts where the truths are sit uated. Because there is no one-size-fits-all solution, teachers could re-design their classroom setting and teaching methods in line with their students pace of learning. However, the problems can be fixed but it has to take a long time. If we all change our own learning behaviors from now on, its not too long to develop the Thai learning styles. Finally, if Thailand wants to be part of the global community of scholars and innovators, sending its sons and daughters to foreign centers of study and research, in other words study and work abroad, Thai policy-makers will have to realize soon that swift and efficient action has to be taken, better sooner than later. Studying at a foreign university or working for an international company requires a fair amount of creativity, critical and inventive thinking, original ideas and the capability of having and expressing ones personal opinions. If Thai education doesnt prepare students for these challenges, Thailand will never become the centre of anything in the world, and it will forever remain a backbencher in the eyes of the international community.

Drinking Alcohol Makes Women More Beautiful :: Research Essays

Drinking Alcohol Makes Women More Beautiful While driving around in my friend’s car my other friend, Michael, commented on how he was going to get plastered, and find some girl to hook up with and he didn’t care about anything else just as long as she had a "nice personality". Others chimed in to the same affect and this got me thinking is this what people really think about when drinking? Is only one thing on their mind? My answer to this question is yes. That is why I chose to do my research paper on this topic. Going into this I decided on a hypothesis that is after a certain number of alcoholic drinks people find others more attractive. This in turn leads them to do other things that normally they would never dream of doing, but it doesn’t really matter, because they have the drunk factor to fall back on. Through a survey, interviews and a case study I have found my hypothesis to be more than just a theory. I will begin with my survey finding. I conducted a survey of 10 people, both males and females, consisting of 10 questions. Now I figured this would happen, but it was the opposite of what I thought they would answer. All of the questions were non-bias and helped me to get a better understanding of the relationship between attractiveness and alcohol. Let’s begin with my survey findings. Among some of the questions I asked were how many times a week do you drink, does your confidence go up after consuming alcohol, do you think alcohol affect others attractiveness to you, and who do you think males or females are more likely to be affected by "beer goggles". A surprising 80% said they drank more than 3 times a week. 20% of males said they had more confidence after drinking, where as 40% of females said they did. I assumed everyone would answer peoples’ attractiveness is affected by alcohol, but the votes were split 50-50. And 90% of those surveyed said that "beer goggles" affect males rather than females. I also interviewed a guy and a girl that had differing opinions about the questions. Some of the answers I got surprised me from both the male and female. My first interview was conducted in the cafeteria, with a 19-year-old sophomore female. The other was in Stouffer and with a 20-year-old junior male.

Manager †managerial decision making Essay

1. What assumptions can you make about managerial decision making, as it relates to the millennial generation, from the case? My assumptions, enroll students are rating professors from good to bad making it easier for future student to get always with easier classes. 2. Did Tom and Alex follow a logical and rational managerial decision-making process in determining their class schedules? Why or why not? Yes, Tom and Alex are paying for school, therefor they want the best class and great teacher. Tom and Alex note the numerical values representing overall quality and easiness of each professor they are researching, and make their decision based on these numbers alone. 3. Identify the group influence that the information provided on RateMyProfessors.com places on Tom and Alex. The students were rating the professors from overall rating, total rating, easiness, and hot? Overall quality and easiness have numerical values from 0 to 5.5 being the highest. This information help Tom and Alex to choose professor and make their schedules. 4. Describe the types of interpersonal influence that the information provided on RateMyProfessors.com places on Tom and Alex. By visiting the web site they can click on the name of any professors and see their rating in more detail. Rating from overall quality, helpfulness, clarity, easiness, and hotness. 5. What influence do consumer ratings that fall either above or below the norm have on your managerial decision-making process? For example, when a professor (or an Amazon.com product) is rated with 3 stars, what strength do you place on the few individual reviews that rate them with 1 star or 5 stars?

H.G. Wellss Presentation of Future in The Time Machine Essay

H.G. Wellss Presentation of Future in The Time Machine When Wells was writing The Time Machine in 1895 England was a country where society consisted of several classes. These were mainly the middle classes, these were the people who ran factories and had a lot of wealth. The other class was working class, the people who worked in factories and mines. Also there were a huge number of factories and mines. Consequently there was a great deal of air-pollution due to the factories. The smog from the factories pollution was common in winter and big cities like London and Manchester had smog clouds in winter. Smog clouds were so thick you could barely see twenty yards in front of yourself. The†¦show more content†¦There was no disturbances, no shadow casting buildings as everyone lived either in small communes or underground. The climate was very warm in 802,701, Wells knew it would be warmer but I dont think he knew it would be because of too much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Even though there were very few buildings in 802,701 the architecture on the buildings was amazing. One architectural buildings was the building with the sphinxes head above the door In 802,701 one group were living in a commune, the Eloi. But in mysterious state of despair the other group, the Morlocks, live in a huge underground world. Wells expressed the theory of evolution by making the Eloi, distant descendants of the wealthy but because they didnt use their brains or muscles, they were very weak and had lost most signs of human intelligence. However the Morlocks descended from the labourers and the working class. Both species had adapted to their environment. The Eloi were small and very weak, as they didnt work at all, they also had very short attention spans, as they didnt pay attention to things for very long. The Eloi get tired easily because they never need to walk any further than 250-500 yards. However the Morlocks had big eyes that drew light in, this was because they lived in the darkness of underground. Also they had very spindly arms so they could reach things if

Essay on Youth and Gun Violence - 1056 Words

Youth and Guns Imagine being able to get your hands on a gun in your community with ease when you were younger. Sounds cool right? Well, to some it might and that’s how young children are living in our communities now-a-days. Kids are able to get guns as long as they have parents with guns or the money to buy one. There aren’t enough restrictions on guns who can get a hold of them on the streets and parents aren’t doing a well enough job of hiding their guns from their children. Something needs to be done. Too many children and young adults are being injured and murdered by something that is supposed to protect them. The ease in which youths are able to possess guns needs to be stopped. The harder it is for kids to get guns, the safer†¦show more content†¦Do you own a firearm in your home? Do you have children? If you answered yes to both of those questions, are u confident the gun is out of reach of your children? A quarter of youths in the U.S. said they have easy a ccess to a firearm in their home. Dalton Taylor, a 10 year old fourth grader was shot and killed by a 12-gauge shotgun found in his house by him and friends. 82% of firearm suicides are committed by gun owned by a family member, usually parents. It’s not the parents or family members fault that these children committed suicide but if the guns were put away somewhere safe where only the parent or family member could access it, there’s a chance that they might still be here. It’s all a ripple effect. If you don’t conceal your firearms right, your child can get ahold of it. If your child gets ahold of the firearm, they could shoot or worse, kill themselves or someone else. Properly hide your firearms and there will be no gun for your child to shoot or kill anyone. Studies show some parents underestimate their children’s experience handling firearms. That’s the biggest mistake a parent can make, especially in this generations time and day. There are so many ways for a young child to learn about guns; how to use them, where to get them, how much they cost, pretty much anything. Never underestimate what your child knows about anything. They’ll surprise you. They may not know about it because they wanted to know.Show MoreRelatedCrime Prevention906 Words   |  4 Pagespast thirty years, gun-affiliated injuries and deaths have increased among youth. Most of the youth involved in accidental shootings and suicides most often acquire the gun from their own home. Hands Without Guns (HWG) was started in 1995 by the Educational Fund to End Handgun Violence, to tackle this growing problem. The mission of Hands Without Guns is to advocate a public health and education campaign to transform attitudes of 12 to 18 year old youth about violence and gun ownership by emphasizingRead MoreJuvenile Gun Violence Essay955 Words   |  4 PagesJuvenile Gun Violence Juvenile gun violence is an ever-increasing problem in our country. With a wave of school shooting behind us it is time to get this under control. Many studies have been done on how to effectively diminish juvenile gun violence. It is clear that this must be handled on a state and local level with the federal government backing the states. Prevention and law enforcement is the key to successfully eradicate our nation of the ugly stain caused by youth gun violence. PreventionRead MoreIs Guns Off The Streets?1159 Words   |  5 Pagesquestions roam the streets. Guns, guns, and more guns have found their way into the homes and hands of the youth and the underprivileged. Sociologist James D. Wright suggests that to convince inner-city youths not to carry guns requires convincing them that they can survive in their neighborhood without being armed, that they can come and go in peace, that being unarmed will not cause them to be victimized, intimidated, or slain. (Wright) Programs such as Youth Firearms Violence Initiative, Project SafeRead MoreViolence - Behavior Involving Physical Force1370 Words   |  6 PagesViolence – behavior involving physical force intended to hurt, damage, or kill someone or something. In my own words, violence – hate, gangs, guns, anger and war. Violence in Chicago – nonstop killing. Shootings and murders are through the roof in Chicago. In the past year, in 2015, there has been 29 murders, 136 sho oting victims and 119 shootings. In just this year alone, in just the first month the shooting and murders were double that. 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A national evaluation of the Youth Firearms Violence Initiative (YFVI), a program initiated by the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS), the organization who funds intervention programs. This particular program employed community policy approaches to decrease the number of violent fireman crimes committed by youth, including gang-and drug-related offenses. There are five intensive sites (Baltimore, Cleveland, InglewoodRead MoreOperation Ceasefire : A Problem Oriented Policing Intervention1701 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Operation Ceasefire is a problem-oriented policing intervention aimed at reducing youth homicide and youth firearms violence in Boston. Project design began in 1995 and it was implemented in 1996. It is based on the â€Å"pulling levers† deterrence strategy that focuses criminal justice attention on a small number of chronically offending gang-involved youth responsible for much of Boston’s youth homicide problem. This paper will explore the problem Operation Ceasefire is trying to solve and

The Causes Of Obesity And Obesity - 1032 Words

The Causes of Obesity Obesity is not just a cosmetic concern; it also increases your risk for cancer, diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, and muscular skeletal disorders. It is estimated that obesity affects more than a third of the American adult population and seventeen percent of the American children population (Moores, 2005). Obesity has many definitions; one of the many definitions is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have a negative effect on health. Obesity is a chronic disease, that can happen from many things, a few of those causes will be discussed throughout this essay. Obesity is calculated by body mass index. This body mass index is calculated a little†¦show more content†¦If you do not figure out the trigger, then when you quit one habit you will most likely pick up another habit, like eating candies or chewing gum. Poor Diet Poor diet choices and a sedentary lifestyle go hand in hand. If you choose a diet full of high fat and high calories and do not go out and exercise or burn off those calories and fat, then you will eventually gain weight and could become overweight or worse, obese. Most people when they go to eat, grab a fast food meal. The number of calories that is recommended for a moderately active person is 1200-1400 calories per day. If you ate three meals a day, that would be a total of 400 calories per meal. If you go to a fast food restaurant for one meal and you have a small (4.5 oz.) curly fry (414 calories) and a Jr. Roast Beef sandwich (3.1 oz.) (210 calories) with no drink you are consuming 624 calories (Solutions, 2017). If you eat out for all your meals in a day and you don’t consume anything else, drink or snack, you will consume just enough calories to burn off during a workout. Unfortunately, most people do drink with their meals and have at least one snack thru th e day. So, unless you work out hard and burn all your calories you consumed, you will have consumed too many calories to burn off, thus gaining weight. Inactive Lifestyles Most overweight/obese people do not lead active lifestyles. If you stroll upShow MoreRelatedThe Causes Of Obesity And Obesity1508 Words   |  7 PagesCauses of Obesity When it comes to people health, what usually comes up in mind? People may think of some disease, such as cancer or stroke, but nobody thinks about Obesity, which has become one of the biggest issues in America. Obesity is the accumulation of unnecessary body fat. It is a lifestyle disease that is spreading fast worldwide. This disease is affecting individuals of all age, ethnicity, and gender. As we all know, America has an extended history of solving complex problems, but it seemsRead MoreThe Causes Of Obesity And Obesity1519 Words   |  7 PagesAaron Heiden Robert S. Pilsner WR 121 17 March 2013 The Causes of Obesity Many people speculate that obesity is genetic, but is it? Is childhood obesity caused by a lack of exercise, an unhealthy diet, or both? Obese people, or more commonly referred to as fat people or overweight people, are defined as adults who’s BMI (body mass index) is over 30 percent. There have always been overweight people in human society, but the rate of growth for this percentage of our population has been steadily risingRead MoreCauses Of Obesity756 Words   |  4 Pagescosts of care for treating three diseases. Obesity, Diabetes, and high blood pressure are the most spreading diseases in the United States and cost the country a huge amount of money for treatments. Obesity or the extra weight harms health in many ways. It raises the danger of developing circumstances, such as diabetes, osteoarthritis, heart disease, and some types of cancers, to name just a few, and cuts the life distance. Treating obesity or any obesity related situations costs the country billionsRead MoreObesity : Obesity Causes And Solutions1658 Words   |  7 PagesObesity Causes and Solutions In recent decades, obesity has grown to become considered an epidemic. In Natalie Boreo’s book â€Å"Killer Fat†, she discusses this obesity epidemic along with its social, political, economic, and moral influences. A number of factors contribute to the high instances of obesity; a person’s lifestyle, eating habits, culture, sedentary behaviors, activity levels, socioeconomic status, among many others. Sociologists seek to understand the physical, emotional and social influencesRead MoreCauses and Effects of Obesity823 Words   |  3 PagesObesity occurs in all countries and it is one of the gravest problems in modern society. Mankinds around the world are concerned about obesity. One of the chief causes is unhealthy diets. Obesity is also due to lack of exercise and lack of education and awareness. Therefore obesity has various effects include risk of suffering from a range of health conditions, large fiscal expenditure on medical insurance and lack of self- esteem. One of the chief causes is unhealthy diets. There are high-calorieRead MoreCauses of Childhood Obesity630 Words   |  3 Pageshowever, can be a problem to many children. This is referred to as obesity, when it occurs among children between ages 2 and 8 it is called childhood referred. Childhood obesity has been on the rise for the past few decades and it is making the lives of children shorter. Childhood obesity can be the outcome of many influences. Economic factors, an unmonitored environment, and lack of activity, are some effects of childhood obesity. To start with, the first and major reason causing children to beRead MoreThe Chief Causes Of Obesity1110 Words   |  5 PagesThe Chief Causes of Obesity As we all know the obesity has become a great problem for many people around the world. A research shows that 34.9% of adults in the United States are obese, and the money used for health problems relating to obesity has greatly increased. The estimated cost was $147 billion in 2008, and the cost for obese people were $1,429 higher than normal people (cdc.gov). There are a lot of factors which makes many Americans obese. The chief causes of obesity are bad food choicesRead MoreCauses Of Obesity In America1030 Words   |  5 PagesObesity is a big problem in the United States today. According to Harvard Womens Health Watch, â€Å"33% of American adults are obese, compared with 15% in the late 1970s. More than 60% of women are overweight or obese†. When it comes to losing weight, many people devotedly believe in the 80/20 rule, which is what and how a person eats is 80% of the effort in losing weight. This is somewhat disconcerting if these people live in America because of th e obesity epidemic currently going on, which is causedRead MoreCauses and Effects of Obesity832 Words   |  3 PagesThe epidemic of obesity is a medical circumstance defined as excess weight in the form of fat which may impair health. (World Obesity Federation, 2012). Obesity can be calculated by BMI which is body mass index. Obesity means BMI greater than 30. (ibid). This essay will outline the causes and effects of obesity. Diet, lifestyle, toxic environment and the causes of obesity are physical, psychological and economic are impacts. One fundamental cause of obesity is diet. Adolescence is perfect exampleRead MoreThe Causes and Effects of Obesity686 Words   |  3 PagesCauses and Effects of Obesity Overview Obesity according to Birmingham and Treasure means there is an excess of adipose tissue (fat) in the body (195). Today, hardly a day goes without the mention of an obesity related issue in the news. In a way, obesity is increasingly becoming a national epidemic. As medical practitioners debate on whether or not obesity should be regarded a disease, policy makers are mulling over what course of action should be adopted so as to rein in the problem of obesity

Performance Evaluation Billabong International

Question: Discuss about thePerformance Evaluationfor Billabong International. Answer: Introduction Billabong International commenced business in the year 1973 when it was established as a clothing business which was the sole business till the time of its listing on ASX in 2000. However, after going public, it has acquired a host of businesses (both domestically and internationally) and therefore has diversified into skateboard products. The company paid a huge premium for these brands and companies as these were acquired at the peak valuation but the timing of acquisition was not accurate as immediately afterwards there was the global economic crisis which had a major adverse impact on the sales of these businesses. In wake of the difficult operating climate, the company had to impair the goodwill of a host of businesses besides discontinuing the operations of some of the these businesses by liquidating them. This has had adverse impact on the financial statements of the company during the period FY2011-FY2014 (Billabong, 2015). In wake of this, the given report aims to carry out a qualitative and quantitative analysis with regards to Billabong stock so as to offer prudent investment advice to potential investor. Stock Movement The stock price movement of Billabong International during the last one year is indicated below (Yahoo Finance, 2016). It is apparent that the stock has registered negative returns and has fallen more than 50% from FY2015 highs that it attained. This is primarily on account of the weakness in the market coupled with weak trading environment for the company where recovery in the near terms looks ascertain. Quantitative Analysis In the quantitative analysis of the company, the focus of the company would be on the trend analysis in relation to the key elements of the balance sheet and the profit loss statement coupled with analysis of certain selected ratios. Key Trends from the Profit and Loss Statement Operating Revenues From FY2011 to FY2014, there is declining trend in revenues which have decreased from $ 1.687 billion in FY2011 to $ 1.027 billion in FY2014 before increasing to $ 1.056 billion in FY2015. This may be attributed to the declining demand of the products of the company coupled with discontinuation of certain businesses which the company was not in a situation to sustain. Further, considering that the majority of revenues of the company are generated from USA and Europe, the weakness in demand is expected on account of the aftermath of the global financial crisis (Billabong, 2015; 2013;2011). Other Expenses From FY2011 to FY2013, there is a surge in the other expenses which were $ 151.2 million for FY2011 but peaked to $ 934.85 million for FY2013. This surge is attributed to high amount of impairment charges primarily in the goodwill of the various acquired businesses. In FY2011, impairment of intangible assets stood at zero which increased to $ 329.93 million in FY2012 and further witnessed a surge to reach $ 604.32 million in FY2013. However, post FY2013, there is a decline in the other expenses with corresponding figures of $ 165.94 million and $ 127.68 million in FY2014 and FY2015 respectively. In FY2015, the impairment of intangibles has reduced to zero which highlights the fact that the worst may be over for the company (Billabong, 2015; 2013;2011). Finance Costs There is no particular trend with regards to finance costs. The finance costs had increased by about $ 3 million from FY2011 to FY2012 before decreasing by $ 14.3 million in FY2013. However, in FY2014, the finance cost increased by a whopping $ 56 million primarily on account of the write off in regards to the capitalized interest cost to the extent of $ 42 million approximately. Further, in FY2015, the finance costs have again come back to their normal level of $ 34 million (Billabong, 2015; 2013;2011). Net Profit There has been a declining trend in net profits from FY2011 to FY2013 as the net profit of the company has declined from $ 118.04 million in FY2011 to a loss of $ 863 million in FY2013. This is primarily on account of the huge impairment losses especially with regards to the goodwill of the businesses as has been discussed above in the other expenses. However, in FY2014, there has been a decline in losses to $ 239.93 million and further the company has returned to profit of $ 2.55 million in FY2015 (Billabong, 2015; 2013;2011). Key Trends from the Balance Sheet Statement Cash and Cash Equivalents The cash and cash equivalents have increased from $ 144.86 million at the end of FY2011 to $ 317.26 million at the end of FY2012. However, there was a decline in the cash balance to $ 113.84 million at the end of FY2013 primarily because of the intangible impairment suffered which has already been discussed above. From FY2013 onwards, there is an increasing trend in the cash and cash equivalent for the remainder period leading to June 30, 2015 (Billabong, 2015; 2013; 2011). Intangible Assets The intangible assets of the company have witnessed a decline from FY2011 to FY2013. From a level of $1.27 billion as of June 30, 2011, the intangible assets have declined to a level of $ 795.9 million and $ 212.69 million as of June 30, 2012 and Jun 30, 2013 respectively. The impairment losses have been suffered primarily on account of the diminishing valuation of the acquired businesses thus reducing the goodwill associated with these. The decline in intangible assets continued in FY2014 also to reach a level of $ 143.66 million which since then have recovered to reach $ 161.53 million as on June 30, 2015 (Billabong, 2015; 2013; 2011). Current Borrowings The current borrowing has seen an increasing trend from FY2011 to FY2013. These borrowings have increased from $ 15.26 million as on June 30, 2011 to a peak level of $ 314.56 as on June 30, 2011. This steep rise in current borrowings is attributed to the syndicate facility (secured) to the tune of $ 283.32 million. However, as on June 30, 2014, the current borrowings levels have declined to reach a level of $ 7.36 million primarily because of elimination of the previously availed syndicate facility (Billabong, 2015; 2013; 2011). Non-Current Borrowings Unlike the current borrowing, the non-current borrowing has seen an declining trend from FY2011 to FY2013 as the long term facilities were converted into short term facilities. This is apparent from the decline in debt from $ 597.9 million as of June 30, 2011 to $249.07 million as of June 30, 2012 and further to $ 5.92 million as of June 30, 2013. However from FY2014 onwards, there is again an increasing trend in non-current borrowings as the corresponding debt levels as on June 30, 2014 and 2015 are $ 404.93 million and $597.9 million respectively (Billabong, 2015; 2013; 2011). Shareholders Equity The shareholders equity has witnessed a declining trend from FY2011 to FY2014. This is apparent from the fact that as of June 30, 2011, the total shareholders equity stood at $ 1.196 billion which got reduced to $1.027 billion and $ 0.268 billion as on June 30, 2012 and June 30, 2013 respectively The huge decline in equity in FY2013 is on account of huge losses witnessed by the company on account of the impairment of the goodwill of the acquired businesses. The decline continued to caused further decline in equity in FY2014 to reach $ 0.259 billion from which there has been an improvement in shareholders equity to reach $ 0.282 billion (Billabong, 2015; 2013; 2011). The relevant ratios for the company based on the financial statements from FY2011 to FY2015 are summarized below (Billabong, 2015; 2013; 2011). ROA The ROA has turned negative for FY2012, FY2013 and FY2014 which may be attributed to the impairment charges with regards to goodwill to the tune of $ 934.8 million, $543.6 million and $62.4 million respectively. Further, the profit has also been negatively impacted as the discontinued businesses have led to losses to the tune of $ 179.3 million and $ 30.1 million in FY2013 and FY2014 respectively. Further, the hike in the magnitude of the ROA in FY2012, FY2013 and FY2014 is primarily on account of the decrease in total assets which in comparison to FY2012 levels have suffered a decline of 50% and in comparison to FY2013 levels have suffered a decline of 25% on a y-o-y basis (Billabong, 2015; 2013; 2011). Net Profit Margin The net profit margins for FY2012, FY2013 and FY2014 is negative which may be attributed to the impairment charges with regards to goodwill to the tune of $ 934.8 million, $543.6 million and $62.4 million respectively. Further, the profit has also been negatively impacted as the discontinued businesses have led to losses to the tune of $ 179.3 million and $ 30.1 million in FY2013 and FY2014 respectively. However, from the companys perspective it is encouraging that in FY2015, the company has again made profits which indicate that the worst is over for the company (Billabong, 2015; 2013; 2011). Inventory Turnover The inventory turnover after witnessing a slight increase in FY2012 over the levels in FY2011, further decreased in FY2013 which indicates the decrease in the demand for the products offered by the company. Otherwise also, FY2013 was financially the most difficult year for the company as it took a huge good impairment. However, in FY2014, on back of improvement in trading environment, there was an improvement in the inventory turnover which could not continue in FY2015 as the global weakness adversely impacted the sales especially in the US and Europe market (Billabong, 2015; 2013; 2011). Current Ratio The current ratio witnessed a decline from FY2011 to FY2013. This is primarily on account of increase in the current borrowing as on June 30, 2012 and June 30, 2013 as has earlier been explained in the trend analysis. Further, the current assets have also witnessed a decline primarily on account of decrease in cash and cash equivalents caused due to losses in the business. However, during FY2014 and FY2015, there has been an improvement in the current ratio even though current assets have decreased. This is primarily on the back of decrease in the current liabilities caused due to repayment of current borrowing (Billabong, 2015; 2013; 2011). P/E ratio From a healthy price of $ 19.3 at the end of FY2011, the stock price slumped to below $ 1 levels primarily due to the huge impairment losses in FY2012 and FY2013. However, the share price has witnessed some slight improvement over the last two years as it has crossed $ 2 and is on the upside. The P/E ratio for FY2015 was 5.5 which is a huge improvement over the previous values and indicative of better times ahead for the company (Billabong, 2015; 2013; 2011). Debt Ratio While the debt ratio has remained largely constant for FY2011 and FY2012, it has increased for FY2013 which can be explained on account of the sizable decrease in the intangible assets and cash which led to a decline of almost 50% in the asset value and hence is responsible for the steep rise in the debt ratio. However, since then, the company has managed to keep the ratio under control by rationalization of the debt levels so as to improve the long term liquidity of the company (Billabong, 2015; 2013; 2011). Industry Comparison Recommendation Based on the above ratios, it is apparent that ROA and the net profit margin of the company is inferior as compared to the industry average although considering that the company is just recovering from a major write off and difficult trading conditions, it may not be an appropriate comparison. Further, the products of the company are significantly different from the normal retail company which further makes comparison difficult. Only on account of the current ratio would the firm be rated higher than the industry average but again considering the difference in business model, it is highly uncertain as to the underlying credibility in this regard (Christensen et. al., 2013). Based on the above analysis, investment should be made in the company at the current price levels but it is suitable investment only for a risky investor as the dividend payment is zero and the company has not completely recovered from the woes but the major issues have been sorted out through management change and other prompt measures to enhance operational efficiency. In wake of this, there is limited downside risk which the upside over the medium term is potentially huge (Damodaran, 2008). Hence, a buy call would be suitable for investors who can assume risk with a medium perspective. Stock Valuation Exercise Dividend paid in FY2016 = $ 0.1 Dividend growth rate = 5% pa Required rate of return = 10% pa The relevant formula for dividend discount model is shown below (Graham Smart, 2012). Intrinsic price of stock = Next year dividend /(Required rate of return Dividend growth rate) Hence, intrinsic price of stock = 0.1*1.05/(0.1-0.05) = $ 2.1 References Billabong 2015, Annual Report 2014/2015, Billabong Website, Available online from file:///C:/Users/omsairam/Downloads/20151016%20Annual%20General%20Meeting%20and%20Annual%20Reports.pdf (Accessed on October 12, 2016) Billabong 2013, Annual Report 2013/2014, Billabong Website, Available online from https://www.billabongbiz.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=154279p=irol-reportsannual (Accessed on October 12, 2016) Billabong 2011, Annual Report 2011/2012, Billabong Website, Available online from https://media.corporate-ir.net/media_files/IROL/15/154279/AGM1/_20110923%20FINAL%20FULL%20FINANCIAL%20REPORT.pdf (Accessed on October 12, 2016) Christensen, M, Drew, M, Blanchi, R Ross, S 2013, Fundamentals of Corporate Finance, 6th eds., McGraw Hill, New York Damodaran, A 2008, Corporate Finance, 2nd eds., Wiley Publications, London Graham, J Smart, S 2012, Introduction to corporate finance, 5th eds., South-Western Cengage Learning, Sydney Yahoo Finance 2016, Billabong International, Available online from https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/BBG.AX?p=BBG.AX (Accessed on October 12, 2016)

Play Theory Tina Bruce free essay sample

Play is an important part of child development. Play provides children with natural opportunities to engage in concrete and meaningful activities that enhance physical, language, social and cognitive development. During play children increase their knowledge and understanding of self, others and physical word around them. While play children develop language skills. Children experiment with language during play and use words to express their thought and ideas. Children use language during play to solve problem and communicate their desires. Playwork practitioner includes working with children aged from birth up to five years, no never professionals working in early childhood education and care of children. Playwork is driven by the belief that the game is very valuable, high factor in the development of the child. In practise, playworkers base their work on general principles and values such as: children right, enabling the children with a chance for growing up in health and safe conditions. We will write a custom essay sample on Play Theory Tina Bruce or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Tina Bruce (1997) talks about free-flow play are encourages imaginative play. First experience is crucial. Bruce using what is learnt and talk about how games help children understand external pressure. Free-flow play gives kids a strong signal and a message about what you need to do now and what will be needed. While placement, a child asking to help make a paper plane. The child has clearly initiated the activity because without the childs idea wouldn’t be even thinking of paper planes. At the same time are leading possibly then providing a step-to-step guide to instruct and show a child how to fold a paper plane. Conversely other activities are setting up the physical area in a never-seen-before way of own choosing which captures childrens imaginations. Or putting a big lump of snow on a table, walking away and letting the children get on with it! In such a case, are not defining how a child interacts with it, and they are free to explore and investigate it, and adapt it, in a way of their own choosing, and establish and meet their own goals. In that sense, they are leading their own play.  The role was to provoke it. Bruce (1991) shows different ways of looking at child. As long as there is a clear way of seeing the children cannot begin to work with them. It is not easy to work in collaboration with other teachers, parents or guardians, because our assumptions about the child are crucial in shaping our practice. Bruce (1991) cites that it is easy to say that the only thing that matters in working with young children is to love them and nurture, and involvement in supporting their maximum development. There are three main attitudes towards child. The first is the empiricist shows a deficit model of child. The role of adults is to identify skill gaps to select the appropriate experience and pass them to the child. This rule came to the fore in a clear surge of traffic education in the late 1960s with Bereiter and Engelman as clear supporters. The second is a nativist suggests that human are biologically programmed to develop in a certain way. Tom Bower (1974) describes the nativist that human knowledge and human skills have been built into the structure of the body. Robert Dearden (1968) philosopher and psychologist Kathy Sylva (BAECE Lecture, 1995) suggest that nationalistic attitude has a dominant influence on the tradition of early childhood. This tradition shows that adults may interfere with the themes of children learning. The third is interactionism Bower (1975) concludes. Bower (1975) shows that not only the structure of the children interact with each other, but also to change each other. There is no interaction with what is outside, but the impact of the child through the senses. Of the early childhood tradition, an adult role is critical. Adults are not seen as instructors empiricist distribution of information and knowledge. This is seen as a mechanism in which children can develop their own strategies, initiatives and responses, and build up their own rules, which allow for their development. The key to the interactionist approach to early childhood education is based on the concept of reciprocity or give and take, it means that sometimes a child leads, and sometimes an adult. As many a Statement of Educational needs say children have a right to access the National Curriculum, practitioner required to deliver it to them as well as can. This puts the National Curriculum at the centre of what to do. However, if think back to what Tina Bruce says about the curriculum the National Curriculum is only a part of what are about. Practitioner must not get side tracked into focusing on a narrow band of content. Bruce (1997) People have personal theories about how children develop and learn, but do not always realize that they have. This is a good solution for those who do not work with children, but it is not right if they are. Bruce (2006) To work with children, it is important to have a sense of professional identify, and be able to locate each other so that the practice is compatible and has internal logic, so that it does not arise out of fashion education. This will ensure that the practice does not work rutine.People should consider and discuss their practice together child at the centre to self evaluate. It is important playworkers main task is to support the childrens playground. Playworkers are other aspects of their work. For example, to administrations, teamwork and management responsibilities, they must carry out their work with due reference to the relevant provisions. They need to know their responsibilities for health and safety, child protection, equal opportunities, registration and control and so on. Playworker aspects of work are similar to other work with children and young people, although from the point of view of the introduction of the game at the heart of everything they do. Bob Hughes (2001) said playworkers are responsible for the physical and emotional safety, and intervene to prevent damage. Reflective practice is an essential element of good practice playwork. Children are human beings to each other, and engage in the game for many reasons, including the construction of their own social life, such as children, the causes of therapeutic, cultural and recreational activities, as well as the exploration and understanding. Given the variety of games, its unpredictability and its role in the lives of children, the role of playworker is complex and sometimes contradictory. Playworkers should understand the art of creating physical and affective environment that support a wide range of experience in the area as possible.